Khadijeh Barati; Jahangir Abedikoupaee; Elham Darvishi; Arash Azari; Ali Yousefi
Abstract
To prepare the National Water Document of the country, a 25-year statistical period of 1970-1995 has been used to calculate daily potential evapotranspiration. Due to the climate changes that have taken place in recent years, updating this national valuable work is necessary. Since so far there has been ...
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To prepare the National Water Document of the country, a 25-year statistical period of 1970-1995 has been used to calculate daily potential evapotranspiration. Due to the climate changes that have taken place in recent years, updating this national valuable work is necessary. Since so far there has been no study on determining the changes in irrigation requirement of plants of cropping pattern in Kermanshah plain in the current climate conditions compared to the values presented in NETWAT software, this subject was investigated. In this study, to calculate crops water requirement, the meteorological data of 2006-2007 to 2015-2016 were used. In order to estimate the net irrigation requirement for cropping pattern in Kermanshah plain, ET0 calculator software was used to calculate evapotranspiration of reference crop. Then, the evapotranspiration values of the cropping pattern, the effective rainfall and, eventually, the amount of net irrigation requirement of the crops were calculated. The comparison between the values obtained in this research with available values in NETWAT software indicate that, for most plants, the obtained values in this study are on average 1.2 times the amounts presented in the NETWAT software. This ratio is about 2 for wheat and barley and about 1 for clover, cantaloupe, pea, and almond. The results of lysimeteric researches in the study area confirms the correctness of the performed calculations in this study.
jalal gholipour; Mohammadsadegh ebrahimi; Jahangir abedi
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the use of wastewater in agriculture sector. The study was conducted by a descriptive-surveying method through field survey of farmers' perspectives in Khorramabad Township and review of documented data. The validity of research tool (questionnaire) ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the use of wastewater in agriculture sector. The study was conducted by a descriptive-surveying method through field survey of farmers' perspectives in Khorramabad Township and review of documented data. The validity of research tool (questionnaire) was obtained using viewpoints of experts, and for reliability of questionnaires, a pilot test was conducted. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of higher than 0.76 showed that research tool was reliable. The studied population was farmers in Khorramabad Township who used treated wastewater to irrigate their farmlands. Sample size was determined using the Cochran formula (n=199). Questionnaires were distributed randomly among the respondents. For data analysis, we used the descriptive statistics indexes such as mean, mode, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple linear regression. The results showed that the informatics channels for farmers did not have a satisfactory performance. Among the economic factors, the price of wastewater, among the social factors, the acceptance of applying wastewater in agriculture, and among the environmental factors, drought and water shortage had the higher priority compared with other items. Regression results showed that the level of knowledge about nutritive values of wastewater and safety of agricultural products and recommendations of experts in the farm were the strongest explanatory variables in willingness of farmers for using wastewater in agriculture. These variables explained 44 percent of dependent variable changes. Based on the results of the research, specialized workshops by experts are recommended to increase farmers' awareness and knowledge about the use of wastewater in agriculture.
mohammad alavi; jahangir abedi; behrooz mostafazadeh
Abstract
Due to shortage of water, use of wastewater for irrigation is becoming more important. Also, using natural and non-toxic materials that increase fertilizer application efficiency and decrease nitrate leaching has gained increasing attention. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of two ...
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Due to shortage of water, use of wastewater for irrigation is becoming more important. Also, using natural and non-toxic materials that increase fertilizer application efficiency and decrease nitrate leaching has gained increasing attention. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of two sizes for particles, i.e. 1-1.68 mm and 53-63 μm, and two application rates (20 and 60 grams per kilogram of soil) of natural zeolite of clinoptilolite (Cp) and surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ) on soil nitrate and ammonium leaching and wheat plant performance under irrigation by treated urban wastewater. The experiment was conducted in 2015-16 growing season. The experimental soils were placed in Polyethylene columns with 11 cm inner diameter and 65 cm height. The treatments were factorial combination of the variables in completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the total amount of released NO3-N from columns modified by SMZ and CP were 32% and 21% lower as compared to the control treatment. Also, these amendments improved wheat plant growth. There was no significant effect on nitrate leaching due to the particle size of the two soil amendments. CP and SMZ amendments are eco-friendly materials and results of the study showed that they were effective in controlling soil nitrate leaching and improving wheat plant growth.